Rare edition of the main text by the agronomist Antonio [Ubaldo] Montelatici, destined to mark the birth of the Accademia dei Georgofili. The essay proposed a renewal of agricultural studies in an Enlightenment vein, developed after the author's stay in France, advocating the centrality of agriculture as the economic and civil foundation of the state and encouraging landowners to manage their farms directly, overcoming absentee management practices. Starting from these ideas, and at his instigation, on June 4, 1753, a group of scholars founded the Accademia dei Georgofili in Florence, of which Montelatici was recognized as its promoter and first secretary.