Nolli's famous map of Rome is considered one of the masterpieces of urban cartography. Fundamental to the study of Roman cartography, it remained a model for all plans of Rome until the twentieth century and was the first to distinguish between magnetic and astronomical north and to clearly differentiate between archaeological remains and contemporary buildings. Nolli's New Plan of Rome consists of 12 iconographic plates and four index plates. The work was commissioned to Giovan Battista Nolli in the 1740s by Abbot Diego de Revillas, around whom an association of scholars, mathematicians and antiquarians gravitated in Rome. With this undertaking, Rome was equipped with an updated and rationally conceived plan using modern instruments for scientific surveying. In fact, Nolli's Plan had to respond to the specific need to constitute, on the basis of an urban planning thought of Enlightenment origin, a fundamental document for the management of the territory of the City, adequate to the apparatus of modern European capitals. The engraving was executed by Giuseppe Vasi, Rocco Pozzi, Pietro Campana and Carlo Nolli, based on a design by Giovan Battista Nolli, Giovanni Paolo Pannini and Stefano Pozzi.