Claude-François Ménestrier (Lyons 1631 - Paris 1705), a learned Jesuit father, was among the most authoritative scholars of heraldry of his time. & nbsp; Passionate about antiquities, like his great-uncle Claude who had enriched the library of Cardinal Barberini with important art objects and medals, he composed numerous volumes on heraldry, dealing with every aspect. He enunciated the theory according to which heraldry originates solely from tournaments. Reprinted several times, his works were also highly appreciated in Italy.